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DN1 and accessioned at the Culture Collection of Algae at the University of Texas at Austin (UTEX) as Chloroidium sp. Our study focuses on the green alga – formerly identified as Chloroidium sp.
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Currently, species with superior growth characteristics for large-scale cultivation remain understudied, under-developed, and under-exploited ( Fu et al., 2016). Analyses of this scope are necessary to better understand the ecology and physiology of microscopic algae (microphytes), both at the local and global scales, and to optimize their cultivation and yield of bioproducts for industrial applications ( Abdrabu et al., 2016). Also, recent genomics studies lack accompanying phenotype studies that could provide valuable context ( Bochner, 2009 Chaiboonchoe et al., 2014). However, relatively few species of green algae have been characterized in depth at the genomic and metabolomic levels ( Koussa et al., 2014 Salehi-Ashtiani et al., 2015 Chaiboonchoe et al., 2016). Green algae play important ecological roles as primary biomass producers and are emerging as viable sources of commercial compounds in the food, fuel, and pharmaceutical industries. Moreover, understanding how microalgae can colonize a desert region will help us to understand the effects of climate change in the region.
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In the future, microalgae could be used to make an oil that represents an alternative to palm oil this would reduce the demand for palm tree plantations, which pose a major threat to the natural environment. The microalgae also accumulated oily molecules with a similar composition to palm oil, which may help this species to survive in desert regions.Ī next step will be to develop biotechnological assets based on the information obtained. Rather than just harnessing sunlight, the microalgae were able to consume over 40 different varieties of carbon sources to produce energy. Chloroidium has a unique set of genes and proteins and grew particularly well in freshwater and saltwater. This included samples from beaches, mangroves, desert oases, buildings and public fresh water sources. analyzed green microalgae from different locations around the United Arab Emirates and found that one microalga, known as Chloroidium, is one of the most dominant algae in this area. Yet, fewer scientists have studied microalgae compared to land plants, and until now it was not well understood how microalgae could survive in the desert. Like plants that live in the desert, these microalgae have likely evolved specific traits that allow them to live in these hot and dry regions. Green microalgae live in many types of habitats from streams to oceans, and they can also be found on the land, including in deserts. Microalgae are also important for biotechnology and people have harnessed them to make food, fuel and medicines. Single-celled green algae, also known as green microalgae, play an important role for the world’s ecosystems, in part, because they can harness energy from sunlight to produce carbon-rich compounds. Our results reveal the robust and flexible biology utilized by a green alga to successfully inhabit a desert coastline. Comparison with other sequenced green algae revealed unique protein families involved in osmotic stress tolerance and saccharide metabolism that support phenomic studies. Assembly and annotation of genomic reads yielded a 52.5 Mbp genome with 8153 functionally annotated genes. Growth assays revealed capacities to grow in salinities from zero to 60 g/L and to grow heterotrophically on >40 distinct carbon sources. UTEX 3007 indicated that the alga accumulates a broad range of carbon sources, including several desiccation tolerance-promoting sugars and unusually large stores of palmitate. UTEX 3007, which we isolated from multiple locations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
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To investigate the phenomic and genomic traits that allow green algae to survive in deserts, we characterized a ubiquitous species, Chloroidium sp.